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2017年5月公共英語(yǔ)五級(jí)考試沖刺習(xí)題及答案解析
在尋求真理的長(zhǎng)河中，唯有學(xué)習(xí)，不斷地學(xué)習(xí)，勤奮地學(xué)習(xí)，有創(chuàng)造性地學(xué)習(xí)，才能越重山跨峻嶺。以下是小編為大家搜索整理的2017年5月公共英語(yǔ)考試沖刺習(xí)題及答案解析，希望能給大家?guī)?lái)幫助!更多精彩內(nèi)容請(qǐng)及時(shí)關(guān)注我們應(yīng)屆畢業(yè)生考試網(wǎng)!
Text 3
Women' s minds work differently from men' s. At least, that is what most men are convinced of. Psychologists view the subject either as a matter or frustration or a joke. Now the biologists have moved into this minefield, and some of them have found that there are real differences between the brains of men and women. But being different, they point out hurriedly, is not the same as being better or worse.
There is, however, a definite structural variation between the male and female brain. The difference is in a part of the brain that is used in the most complex intellectual processes-the link between the two halves of the brain.
The two halves are linked by a trunkline of between 200 and 300 million nerves, the corpus callosum. Scientists have found quite recently that the corpus callosum in women is always larger and probably richer in nerve fibers than it is in men. This is the first time that a structural difference has been found between the brains of women and men and it must have some significance. The question is “What?” and, if this difference exists, are there others? Research shows that present-day women think differently and behave differently from men. Are some of these differences biological and inborn, a result of evolution? We tend to think that is the influence of society that produces these differences. But could we be wrong?
Research showed that these two halves of the brain had different functions, and that the corpus callosum enabled them to work together. For most people, the left half is used for wordhanding, analytical and logical activities; the right half works on pictures, patterns and forms. We need both halves working together. And the better the connections, the more harmoniously the two halves work. And, according to research findings, women have the better connections.
But it isn' t all that easy to explain the actual differences between skills of men and women on this basis. In schools throughout the world girls tend to be better than boys at "language subjects" and boys better at maths and physics. If these differences correspond with the differences in the hemispheric trunkline, there is an unalterable dis- tinction between the sexes.
We shah' t know for a while, partly because we don' t know of any precise relationship between abilities in school subject and the functioning of the two halves of the brain, and we cannot understand how the two halves inter-act via the corpus callosum. But this striking difference must have some effect and, because the difference is in the parts of the brain involved in intellect, we should be looking for differences in intellectual processing.
61. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?
A. Biologists are conducting research where psychologists have given up.
B. Brain differences point to superiority of one sex over the other.
C. Results of scientific research fail to support popular belief.
D. The structural difference in the brain between the sexes has long been known.
62. According to the passage it is commonly believed that brain differences are caused by __ factors.
A. biological B. psychological C. physical I D ] social
63. "these differences" in paragraph 5 refer to those in __
A. skills of men and women
B. school subjects
C. the brain structure of men and women
D. activities carried out by the brain
64. At the end of the passage the author proposes more work on __
A. the brain structure as a whole
B. the functioning of part of the brain
C. the distinction between the sexesE D] the effects of the corpus callosum
65. What is the main purpose of the passage?
A. To outline the research findings on the brain structure.
B. To explain the link between sex and brain structure.
C. To. discuss the various factors that cause brain differences.
D. To suggest new areas in brain research.
Text3
短文賞析
這篇有關(guān)大腦結(jié)構(gòu)的文章，介紹男性、女性大腦結(jié)構(gòu)及工作方式的不同，以及科學(xué)家的研究成果。男女大腦的工作方式有別不是指哪個(gè)好哪個(gè)壞，而是在處理復(fù)雜事件時(shí).腦的不同部分起的作用不同。男女大腦的結(jié)構(gòu)不同，科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)女性的胼胝體的神經(jīng)元比男性的要大，要豐富。左右大腦控制的部位各不相同。左大腦是用來(lái)文字處理。分析和進(jìn)行邏輯動(dòng)的;而右大腦是對(duì)圖片、圖式和形式起作用的。我們需要兩邊協(xié)調(diào)共同作用。兩半腦連接得越好，那么兩半邊在一起的協(xié)調(diào)就越好。據(jù)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，女性的兩半腦之間的連接更好一些。作者說(shuō)我們不知道學(xué)校學(xué)生的能力和大腦兩半球功能之間的確切關(guān)系。我們不懂大腦兩半球是如何通過(guò)胼胝體相互作用的。最后作者間接地提出期望，希望能對(duì)胼胝體對(duì)人體的影響多做研究工作。
答案及解析
61.c【解析】選項(xiàng)A即心理學(xué)家已經(jīng)放棄，而生物學(xué)家正在展開(kāi)研究工作。而文中第三句話說(shuō)“Psychologists view the subject either as a matter of frustration or a joke，”即心理學(xué)家認(rèn)為這個(gè)研究不是一件沮喪的事，就是一個(gè)笑話，此句和選項(xiàng)A含義不一樣。選項(xiàng)B即大腦區(qū)別顯示出一個(gè)性別優(yōu)于另外一個(gè)性別。而文中第一段最后一句話說(shuō)“But being different，they point out hurriedly，is not the same as being better or worse.”即他們指出盡管有區(qū)別，但并不能說(shuō)明誰(shuí)優(yōu)誰(shuí)劣，此句和選項(xiàng)B含義不一樣。選項(xiàng)D兩性大腦結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別早已為人所知。而文中第三段第三句話說(shuō)“This is the first time that a structural difference has been found between the brains of women and men...”即這是第一次人們發(fā)現(xiàn)了兩性大腦結(jié)構(gòu)的不同，此句和選項(xiàng)D含義不一樣。所以本題應(yīng)選C。
62.D【解析】根據(jù)這篇文章，普遍認(rèn)為大腦的區(qū)別由什么因素引起的?短文第三段倒數(shù)第二句話說(shuō)“We tend to think that is the influence of society that produces these differences.”即我們認(rèn)為社會(huì)的影響造成了這些區(qū)別。A、B、C均不符合題意。所以本題應(yīng)選D。
63.A【解析】“這些區(qū)別”指的是什么?短文第五段主題句說(shuō)“But it isn’t all that easy to explain the actual differences between skills of men and women on this basis.”即在此基礎(chǔ)上解釋兩性技能的區(qū)別并不是很容易的事。由此可見(jiàn)，“這些區(qū)別”指的是兩性技能。所以本題應(yīng)選A。
64.D【解析】文章的結(jié)尾，作者說(shuō)我們不知道學(xué)校學(xué)生的能力和大腦兩半球功能之間的確切關(guān)系;我們不懂大腦兩半球是如何通過(guò)cor-pus callosum相互作用的;間接地提出對(duì)于corpus callosum的影響，多作研究工作。所以本題應(yīng)選D。
65.A【解析】文章的主要目的是什么?短文介紹科學(xué)家在有關(guān)大腦結(jié)構(gòu)方面的研究成果。B、C、D只是片面上的。所以本題應(yīng)選A。
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