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of whom定語從句
定語從句(也稱關(guān)系從句、形容詞性從句),是指一類由關(guān)系詞(relative word)引導(dǎo)的從句,因?yàn)檫@類從句的句法功能多是做定語,所以曾被稱為定語從句(attributive clause),以下是小編整理的of whom定語從句,歡迎閱讀。
of whom 定語從句
一、of whom/which引導(dǎo)的定語從句:
在非限制性定語從句中,先行詞作為一個(gè)整體,表示整體中的一部分,即表示“部分與整體”的關(guān)系時(shí),用…of which / whom或者of which / whom…都可以。但與表示所屬關(guān)系不同,這里不能用whose來代替of which。
二、表示整體中的部分
The buses, most of which were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. 公共汽車大多數(shù)都已經(jīng)擠滿了人,它們被憤怒的人群包圍著。
I picked up the apples, some of which were badly bruised. 我揀起那些蘋果,其中有一些傷得很厲害。
I bought a dozen eggs, six of which broke when I dropped the box. 我買了一打雞蛋,六個(gè)在我失手掉了盒子時(shí)摔碎了。
There are two bottles left, one of which is almost finished and the other of which is not quite. 只剩兩瓶,一瓶快喝完了,另一瓶沒完全喝完。
The treasure some of which has been recovered, has been sent to the British Museum. 這些寶藏已送往大英博物館,其中有一些是失而復(fù)得的。
三、表示所屬關(guān)系
He’s written a book, the name of which I’ve forgotten. 他寫了一本書,書名我忘了。 句中的the name of which=whose name。
It was an agreement the details of which could not be altered. 這是一項(xiàng)其細(xì)節(jié)不可更改的協(xié)定。
四、of whom和of which用法歸納
1. of表示同位關(guān)系:即用于在A+of+B結(jié)構(gòu),其中的A和B為同位關(guān)系。如: Her sons, both of whom work abroad, ring her up every week. 她的兩個(gè)兒子,都在國外工作,他們每周都給她打電話來。
We’ve tested three hundred types of boot, none of which is completely waterproof. 我們已經(jīng)測(cè)試過300種靴子,沒有一種是完全防水的。
2. of表示整體與部分的關(guān)系:即用于“部分+of+整體(which, whom)”結(jié)構(gòu)。如: He went with a group of people, few of whom were correctly equipped for such a climb. 他和一隊(duì)人一起去了,其中沒有幾個(gè)人配有進(jìn)行這樣一次登山的適當(dāng)裝備。
The buses, most of which were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. 公共汽車大多數(shù)都已經(jīng)擠滿了人,它們被憤怒的人群包圍著。
I met the fruit-pickers, several of whom were university students. 我遇到了摘水果的人們,其中有幾個(gè)人是大學(xué)生。
3. of表示所屬關(guān)系:即of用于構(gòu)成所有格。如:
He’s written a book the name of which I’ve forgotten. 他寫了一本書,書名我給忘了。 The house the roof of which was damaged has now been repaired. 那幢屋頂被損壞的房子現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)修好了。
4. of與其他的詞構(gòu)成固定搭配:即of與從句中的某個(gè)詞語構(gòu)成固定搭配。如: He’s married to a singer of whom you may have heard. 他與一位歌唱家結(jié)了婚,你可能聽說過這個(gè)人。(介詞of與動(dòng)詞hear構(gòu)成固定搭配,意為“聽說”)
注意:介詞of后面除接關(guān)系代詞which, whom外,有時(shí)也可能是whose。如: She had a teddy-bear, both of whose eyes were missing. 她有一個(gè)玩具熊,它的兩只眼睛都丟了。
表示部分與整體of which/whom
在非限制性定語從句中,表示“部分與整體”的關(guān)系時(shí),用…of which/whom或者of which/whom…都可以。表示部分的可以是具體數(shù)目或百分?jǐn)?shù),也可以是few, several, some, half, many, much, most, all, none, either, neither, a quarter, a number, the larger, the smallest, the majority等。
Our school has 80 teachers, 50 of whom (=of whom 50) are women. 我校有80個(gè)教師,其中50個(gè)是女的。
He has lots of books, most of which are English ones. 他有許多書,其中大部分是英語書。 注意:這里的of which不能用whose代替,這與表示所屬關(guān)系的of which不同: The room the door of which (=whose door) is blue belongs to me. 門是藍(lán)色的那間房是我的。
定語從句中whom的用法
一、定語從句的概念
在復(fù)合句中,修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞,定語從句一般放在先行詞的后面。
二、定語從句的關(guān)系詞
引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞,常見的關(guān)系代詞包括that, which, who(賓格whom,所有格whose)等,關(guān)系副詞包括where, when, why等。關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞放在先行詞及定語從句之間起連接作用,同時(shí)又作定語從句的重要成分。
三、定語從句的分類
根據(jù)定語從句與先行詞的關(guān)系,定語從句可分為限制性定語從句及非限制性定語從句。限制性定語從句緊跟先行詞,主句與從句不用逗號(hào)分開,從句不可省去,非限制性定語從句主句與從句之間有逗號(hào)分開,起補(bǔ)充說明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。
whom的用法
whom主要用在當(dāng)先行詞表人的情況下,在從句中充當(dāng)動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語。如:
The boy whom you met on the street just now is one of cousins.
He is the manfromwhom you ought to ask for help.
whom也可以用來引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句。如:
The soldiers, some ofwhom comefromAlaska, will be sent to Iraq next week.
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