定語從句有介詞用that

　　定語從句中,介詞后面能不能加that，定語從句that的用法是如何的呢？

　　定語從句的關(guān)系代詞that的用法:

　　若先行詞指人或物則代替先行詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)主語或賓語

　　The animal that which is lost is a panda.

　　先行詞 指物代替先行詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)主語

　　She is the person that who we are worried about.

　　先行詞 指人代替先行詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)賓語

　　注意1 that which在代物時(shí)常�？梢酝ㄓ�,但有時(shí)只宜于用which ,不用that

　　(1) 關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí).

　　This is the hotel in which you will stay.

　　(2) 如有兩個(gè)定語從句,其中一句的關(guān)系代詞是that,另一句宜于用which.

　　Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the liberary which was newly open (新開放) to us.

　　注意2that which在代物時(shí)常�？梢酝ㄓ�,但有時(shí)只宜于用that ,不用which.

　　(1) 先行詞是形容詞最高級(jí)或者它的前面有形容詞最高級(jí)時(shí)

　　This is the best that has been used against air pollution(反對(duì)空氣污染) in cities.

　　English is the most difficult subject that you will learn during these years.

　　(2) 先行詞是序數(shù)詞,或它的前面有一個(gè)序數(shù)詞時(shí)

　　He is the last person that I want to see.

　　(3) 主句中已有疑問詞時(shí)

　　Which is the bike that you lost?

　　(4) 先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)

　　The bike and its rider that had run over (撞倒了)an old man were taken to the police station.

　　(5) 先行詞是all,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,the one等代詞時(shí)

　　You should hand in all that you have.

　　We haven’t got much that we can offer you.

　　I mean the one that you talked about just now.

　　(6) 先行詞前面有only,any,few,little,no,all,one of,the same,the very等詞修飾時(shí)

　　The only thing that we can do is to give you some money.

　　Li Ming is the only one that got full marks (滿分)in our class.

　　Li Ming is one of the students that want to be teachers in our class.

　　(7) 有兩個(gè)定語從句,其中一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞已用which,另外一個(gè)宜用that

　　Edison built up a factory(辦了一個(gè)工廠) which produced things that had never been seen before.

　　定語從句的關(guān)系副詞 Where的用法:若先行詞指地點(diǎn)且其在定語從句中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語.

　　This is the house+I was born in the house.(=I was born there)

　　介詞短語 副詞

　　=This is the house where I was born.這就是我在那兒出生的房子.

　　先行詞 關(guān)系副詞

　　in which I was born.

　　介詞+關(guān)系代詞

　　which I was born in.

　　關(guān)系代詞

　　這里作介賓的which和that可以省略

　　that I was born in

　　關(guān)系代詞.

　　that用作先行詞時(shí)后接定語從句的用法(that which型)

　　當(dāng)代詞that用作先行詞后接定語從句時(shí)，定語從句通常用關(guān)系代詞which來引導(dǎo)。如：

　　We have that which we need.我們需要的'東西都有了。

　　That which I say and do is my own affair.我說什么做什么是我自己的事。

　　The true cost often differs from that which had first been projected.實(shí)際成本經(jīng)常與最初計(jì)劃的有所不同。

　　What is that which you have just stuffed into the plastic cup?你剛才塞在塑料杯里的是什么東西?

　　They say the only real knowledge is that which can be measured.據(jù)說唯一真實(shí)的知識(shí)是可以檢驗(yàn)的知識(shí)。

　　但that which這一說法相當(dāng)正式，在現(xiàn)代英語中通常改用what。如：

　　That which (=What) many people say is not always true.很多人說的話并不表示一定是真的。

　　順便說一句，that后可接定語從句，但this后習(xí)慣上不接定語從句。

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