英語(yǔ)劃分句子成分練習(xí)題及答案,三謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)所做的動(dòng)作或具有的特征和狀態(tài),復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或其他助動(dòng)詞加動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成,七定語(yǔ)修飾名詞或代詞的詞短語(yǔ)或從句稱為定語(yǔ)。
英語(yǔ)劃分句子成分練習(xí)題及答案
英語(yǔ)劃分句子成分練習(xí)題及答案
(一)句子成分的定義:構(gòu)成句子的各個(gè)部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ);次要成分有表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)。
(二)主語(yǔ):主語(yǔ)是一個(gè)句子所敘述的主體,一般位于句首。但在therebe結(jié)構(gòu)、疑問(wèn)句(當(dāng)主語(yǔ)不疑問(wèn)詞時(shí))和倒裝句中,主語(yǔ)位于謂語(yǔ)、助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面。主語(yǔ)可由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、名詞化的形容詞和主語(yǔ)從句等表示。例如:
Duringthe1990s,Americancountrymusichasbecomemoreandmorepopular.(名詞)
WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.(代詞)
One-thirdofthestudentsinthisclaaregirls.(數(shù)詞)Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.(不定式)
Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.(動(dòng)名詞)
Therichshouldhelpthepoor.(名詞化的形容詞)
WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.(主語(yǔ)從句)
Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.(it作形式主語(yǔ),真正的主語(yǔ)為后面的不定式)
(三)謂語(yǔ):謂語(yǔ)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)所做的動(dòng)作或具有的特征和狀態(tài)。動(dòng)詞在句中作謂語(yǔ),一般放在主語(yǔ)之后。謂語(yǔ)的構(gòu)成如下:
1、簡(jiǎn)單謂語(yǔ):由一個(gè)動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)構(gòu)成。如:Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.
2、復(fù)合謂語(yǔ):(1)由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或其他助動(dòng)詞加動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成。如:Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascaughtabadcold.
(2)由系動(dòng)詞加表語(yǔ)構(gòu)成。如:Wearestudents.
(四)表語(yǔ):表語(yǔ)用以說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的身份、特征和狀態(tài),它一般位于系動(dòng)詞(如be,become,get,look,grow,turn,seem等)之后。表語(yǔ)一般由名詞、代詞、形容詞、分詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、副詞及表語(yǔ)從句表示。例如:
OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican.(名詞)
Isityours?(代詞)
Theweatherhasturnedcold.(形容詞)
Thespeechisexciting.(分詞)
Threetimessevenistwentyone?(數(shù)詞)
HisjobistoteachEnglish.(不定式)
Hishobby(愛(ài)好)isplayingfootball.(動(dòng)名詞)
Themachinemustbeoutoforder.(介詞短語(yǔ))
Timeisup.Theclaisover.(副詞)
Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.(表語(yǔ)從句)
(五)賓語(yǔ):賓語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作的對(duì)象或承愛(ài)者,一般位于及物動(dòng)詞和介詞后面。例如:
Theywenttoseeanexhibition(展覽)yesterday.(名詞)
Theheavyrainpreventedmeformcomingtoschoolontime.(代詞)
Howmanydictionariesdoyouhave?Ihavefive.(數(shù)詞)
Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.(名詞化形容詞)
Hepretendednottoseeme.(不定式短語(yǔ))
Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic.(動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ))
Ithink(that)heisfitforhisoffice.(賓語(yǔ)從句)
賓語(yǔ)種類:(1)雙賓語(yǔ)(間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)),例如:Lendmeyourdictionary,please.(2)復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)(賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)),例如:Theyelectedhimtheirmonitor.
(六)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ):英語(yǔ)中有些及物動(dòng)詞,除有一個(gè)直接賓語(yǔ)以外,還要有一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ),才能使句子的意義完整。帶有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的一般句型為:某些及物動(dòng)詞(如make等+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ))。賓補(bǔ)可由名詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式、分詞、介詞短語(yǔ)和從句充當(dāng)。例如:HisfathernamedhimDongming.(名詞)
Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.(形容詞)
Letthefreshairin.(副詞)
Youmustn’tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.(不定式短語(yǔ))Wesawherenteringtheroom.(現(xiàn)在分詞)
Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.(介詞短語(yǔ))Wewillsoonmakeourcitywhatyourcityisnow.(從句)
(七)定語(yǔ):修飾名詞或代詞的詞、短語(yǔ)或從句稱為定語(yǔ)。定語(yǔ)可由以下等成分表示:
Guilinisabeautifulcity.(形容詞)
Chinaisadevelopingcountry;Americaisadevelopedcountry.(分詞)
Therearethirtywomenteachersisourschool.(名詞)HisrapidprogreinEnglishmadeussurprised.(代詞)
Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom.(不定式短語(yǔ))
Theteachingplanfornexttermhasbeenworkedout.(動(dòng)名詞)HeisreadinganarticleabouthowtolearnEnglish.(介詞短語(yǔ))
(八)狀語(yǔ):修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子,說(shuō)明動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)特征的句子成分,叫做狀語(yǔ)。可由以下形式表示:
Lighttravelsmostquickly.(副詞及副詞性詞組)
Hehaslivedinthecityfortenyears.(介詞短語(yǔ))
Heisproudtohavepassedthenationalcollegeentranceexamination.(不定式短語(yǔ))
Heisintheroommakingamodelplane.(分詞短語(yǔ))Waitaminute.(名詞)
Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.(狀語(yǔ)從句)
狀語(yǔ)種類如下:
Howaboutmeetingagainatsix?(時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))
Lastnightshedidn’tgotothedancepartybecauseoftherain.(原因狀語(yǔ))
Ishallgothereifitdoesn’train.(條件狀語(yǔ))
MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.(地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ))
Sheputtheeggsintothebasketwithgreatcare.(方式狀語(yǔ))Shecameinwithadictionaryinherhand.(伴隨狀語(yǔ))
Inordertocatchupwiththeothers,Imustworkharder.(目的狀語(yǔ))
Hewassotiredthathefellasleepimmediately.(結(jié)果狀語(yǔ))Sheworksveryhardthoughsheisold.(讓步狀語(yǔ))
Iamtallerthanheis.(比較狀語(yǔ))
練習(xí)一
一、指出下列句子劃線部分是什么句子成分:
1.Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.
2.Hehandedmethenewspaper.
3.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.
4.WhatabeautifulChinesepainting!
5.Theywenthuntingtogetherearlyinthemorning.
6.Hisjobistotrainswimmers.
7.HetookmanyphotosofthepalacesinBeijing.
8.ThereisgoingtobeanAmericanfilmtonight.
9.HeistoleaveforShanghaitomorrow.
10.Hiswishistobecomeascientist.
11.Hemanagedtofinishtheworkintime.
12.Tomcametoaskmeforadvice.
13.HefounditimportanttomasterEnglish.
14.Doyouhaveanythingelsetosay?
15.Tobehonest;yourpronunciationisnotsogood.
16.Wouldyoupleasetellmeyouraddress?
17.Hesatthere,readinganewspaper.
18.Itisourdutytokeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.
19.Henoticedamanentertheroom.
20.Theapplestastedsweet.
二、用符號(hào)劃出下列短文各句中的主語(yǔ)(—)、謂語(yǔ)(=)、賓語(yǔ)(~):Ihopeyouareverywell.I'mfine,buttired.RightnowitisthesummervacationandI'mhelpingmyDadonthefarm.Augustisthehottestmonthhere.Itisthetimeofyearforthericeharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.Sometimeswegoon
workingafterdarkbythelightsofourtractors.WegrowriceinthesouthoftheStates,butinthenorthwhereitiscoldertheygrowwheat.Wehavealotofmachinesonthefarm.Althoughthefarmislarge,myDadhasonlytwomenworkingforhim.Butheemploys
moremenfortheharvest.Mybrothertakescareofthevegetablegarden.Itdoesn'toftenraininthesummerhere.Asaresult,wehavetowaterthevegetablegarden.Everyeveningwepumpwaterfromawell.Itthenrunsalongchannelstodifferentpartsofthegarden.
三、用符號(hào)劃出下列短文各句中的定語(yǔ)(—)、狀語(yǔ)(=)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)(~):MostSaturdayeveningsthereisaparty,evenatharvesttime.Thesepartiesoftenmakeusveryhappy.Wecookmeatonanopenfireoutside.It'sgreat!Americanseatalotofmeat—toomuchinmyopinion.Someofmyfriendsdrinkbeer.Idon't,becauseIhavetodrivehomeaftertheparty.Inyourletteryou
askedaboutthetimeindifferentareasoftheStates.TherearefivedifferenttimeareasintheStates.InmystatewearefourteenhoursbehindBeijingtime.HowmanydifferenttimeareasdoyouhaveinChina?Well,Imuststopandgetsomesleep.Pleasegivemybestregardstoyourparents.
四、選擇填空:
()1.____willleaveforBeijing.
A.NowtherethemanB.Themanherenow
C.ThemanwhoisherenowD.Themanisherenow
()2.Theweather____.
A.wetandcoldB.iswetandcoldC.notwetandcoldD.werewetandcold
()3.Theappletasted____.
A.sweetsB.sweetlyC.nicelyD.sweet
()4.Hegotup____yesterdaymorning.
A.latelyB.lateC.latestD.latter
()5.Theactor______attheageof70.
http://m.emrowgh.com aded
()6.____wereallverytired,butnoneof____wouldstoptotakearest.
A.We, http://m.emrowgh.com ,weC.We,ourD.We,we
()7.Hefoundthestreetmuch______.
A.crowdB.crowdingC.crowdedD.crowdedly
()8.Ithink_____necessarytolearnEnglishwell.
A.itsB.itC.thatD.thatis
()9.Thedog____mad.
A.looksB.islookedC.isbeinglookedD.waslooked
()10.Iwillneverforgettheday______Ijoinedthearmy.
A.thatB.whenC.inwhichD.where練習(xí)一:
一、1、主語(yǔ),定語(yǔ);2、間接賓語(yǔ);3、謂語(yǔ),狀語(yǔ);4、定語(yǔ);5、狀語(yǔ),狀語(yǔ);6、定語(yǔ),表語(yǔ);7、賓語(yǔ),狀語(yǔ);8、謂語(yǔ),主語(yǔ);9、謂語(yǔ);10、主語(yǔ),表語(yǔ);11、謂語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ);12、狀語(yǔ);13、形式賓語(yǔ),真正賓語(yǔ);14、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ);15、插入語(yǔ),狀語(yǔ);16、賓語(yǔ)(間賓+直賓);17、狀語(yǔ),狀語(yǔ);18、形式主語(yǔ),表語(yǔ),賓補(bǔ);19、賓補(bǔ);20、表語(yǔ)
二、略
三、略
四、1~5CBDBB6~10ACBAB
練習(xí)二:
一、1、簡(jiǎn)單句;2、復(fù)合句;3、簡(jiǎn)單句;4、簡(jiǎn)單句;5、并列句;
6、復(fù)合句;7、并列句;8、復(fù)合句;9、簡(jiǎn)單句;10、簡(jiǎn)單句二、
Ihopeyouareverywell(復(fù)合句).I'mfine,buttired(簡(jiǎn)單句).RightnowitisthesummervacationandI'mhelpingmyDadonthefarm(并列句).Augustisthehottestmonthhere(簡(jiǎn)單句).Itisthetimeofyearforthericeharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.(并列句)Sometimeswegoonworkingafterdarkbythelightsofourtractors(簡(jiǎn)單句).WegrowriceinthesouthoftheStates,butinthenorthwhereitiscoldertheygrowwheat(并列復(fù)合句).Wehavealotofmachinesonthefarm(簡(jiǎn)單句).Althoughthefarmislarge,myDadhasonlytwomenworkingforhim(復(fù)合句).Buthe
employsmoremenfortheharvest(簡(jiǎn)單句).Mybrothertakescareofthevegetablegarden(簡(jiǎn)單句).Itdoesn'toftenraininthe
summerhere(簡(jiǎn)單句).Asaresult,wehavetowaterthevegetablegarden(簡(jiǎn)單句).Everyeveningwepumpwaterfromawell(簡(jiǎn)單句).Itthenrunsalongchannelstodifferentpartsofthegarden(簡(jiǎn)單句).
MostSaturdayeveningsthereisaparty,evenatharvesttime(簡(jiǎn)單句).Thesepartiesoftenmakeusveryhappy(簡(jiǎn)單句).Wecookmeatonanopenfireoutside(簡(jiǎn)單句).It'sgreat(簡(jiǎn)單句)!Americanseatalotofmeat—toomuchinmyopinion(簡(jiǎn)單句).Someofmyfriendsdrinkbeer(簡(jiǎn)單句).Idon't,becauseIhavetodrivehomeaftertheparty(復(fù)合句).InyourletteryouaskedaboutthetimeindifferentareasoftheStates(簡(jiǎn)單句).TherearefivedifferenttimeareasintheStates(簡(jiǎn)單句).InmystatewearefourteenhoursbehindBeijingtime(簡(jiǎn)單句).HowmanydifferenttimeareasdoyouhaveinChina(簡(jiǎn)單句)?Well,Imuststopandgetsomesleep(簡(jiǎn)單句).Pleasegivemybestregardstoyourparents(簡(jiǎn)單句).
三、1~5ACADD6~10BCBDC11~15ADBCC16~20ABADB21~25DDDCD26~30ADDBD